ShadingExercise/Assets/_Content/Scripts/WeatherController.cs

using UnityEngine;
using UnityEngine.Events;
using UnityEngine.Serialization;

[ExecuteAlways]
public class WeatherController : MonoBehaviour
{
    public enum WeatherType
    {
        Clear,
        Rain,
        Snow
    }

    [System.Serializable]
    public class Automatic
    {
        public bool Enabled = false;
        [Tooltip("Minimum weather duration in seconds, including transitions.")]
        [Min(0.1f)] public float MinDuration = 10f;
        [Tooltip("Maximum weather duration in seconds, including transitions.")]
        [Min(0.1f)] public float MaxDuration = 20f;
    }

    [System.Serializable]
    public class Events
    {
        public UnityEvent OnStart = new UnityEvent();
        public UnityEvent OnStop = new UnityEvent();
    }

    [System.Serializable]
    public class Rain
    {
        [Min(0f)] public float RainSpeed = 1f;
        [Min(0f)] public float WetSpeed = 0.1f;
        public Events Events = new Events();
    }

    [System.Serializable]
    public class Snow
    {
        [FormerlySerializedAs("SnowSpeed")]
        [Min(0f)] public float Speed = 0.1f;
        [Tooltip("Delay in seconds before snow starts accumulating.")]
        [Min(0f)] public float Delay = 1f;
        public Events Events = new Events();
    }

    [SerializeField] private WeatherType currentWeather = WeatherType.Clear;

    [SerializeField] private Automatic _automatic = new Automatic();
    [SerializeField] private Rain _rain = new Rain();
    [SerializeField] private Snow _snow = new Snow();

    private WeatherType previousWeather = WeatherType.Clear;
    private float snowDelayRemaining = 0f;
    private bool automaticWasEnabled = false;
    private float automaticTimeRemaining = 0f;

    // Current values sent to global shader properties.
    private float currentRain = 0f;
    private float currentWet = 0f;
    private float currentSnow = 0f;

    // Cached shader property IDs for efficient access.
    private static readonly int RainID = Shader.PropertyToID("_Rain");
    private static readonly int WetID = Shader.PropertyToID("_Wet");
    private static readonly int SnowID = Shader.PropertyToID("_Snow");

    private void OnEnable()
    {
        previousWeather = WeatherType.Clear;
        snowDelayRemaining = 0f;
        automaticWasEnabled = false;
        automaticTimeRemaining = 0f;
    }

    private void Update()
    {
        if (Application.isPlaying) UpdateAutomaticWeather();

        // Set target values based on the selected weather.
        float targetRain = 0f;
        float targetWet = 0f;
        float targetSnow = 0f;

        switch (currentWeather)
        {
            case WeatherType.Clear:
                targetRain = 0f;
                targetWet = 0f;   // Dries in clear weather.
                targetSnow = 0f;
                break;

            case WeatherType.Rain:
                targetRain = 1f;
                targetWet = 1f;   // Gets wetter while raining.
                targetSnow = 0f;
                break;

            case WeatherType.Snow:
                targetRain = 0f;
                targetWet = 0f;   // Dries in snowy weather.
                targetSnow = 1f;
                break;
        }

        // Handle editor and runtime updates.
        if (Application.isPlaying)
        {
            if (currentWeather != previousWeather)
                snowDelayRemaining = currentWeather == WeatherType.Snow ? Mathf.Max(0f, _snow.Delay) : 0f;

            // Delay snow accumulation without delaying rain, wetness, or snow melting.
            float snowDeltaTime = Time.deltaTime;
            if (currentWeather == WeatherType.Snow && snowDelayRemaining > 0f)
            {
                float waitingTime = Mathf.Min(snowDelayRemaining, snowDeltaTime);
                snowDelayRemaining -= waitingTime;
                snowDeltaTime -= waitingTime;
            }

            // Apply gradual transitions at runtime.
            currentRain = Mathf.MoveTowards(currentRain, targetRain, Mathf.Max(0f, _rain.RainSpeed) * Time.deltaTime);
            currentWet = Mathf.MoveTowards(currentWet, targetWet, Mathf.Max(0f, _rain.WetSpeed) * Time.deltaTime);
            currentSnow = Mathf.MoveTowards(currentSnow, targetSnow, Mathf.Max(0f, _snow.Speed) * snowDeltaTime);
        }
        else
        {
            // Apply values immediately in the editor.
            currentRain = targetRain;
            currentWet = targetWet;
            currentSnow = targetSnow;
        }

        // Apply global shader properties (URP).
        Shader.SetGlobalFloat(RainID, currentRain);
        Shader.SetGlobalFloat(WetID, currentWet);
        Shader.SetGlobalFloat(SnowID, currentSnow);

        if (Application.isPlaying) UpdateWeatherEvents();
    }

    private void UpdateAutomaticWeather()
    {
        if (!_automatic.Enabled)
        {
            automaticWasEnabled = false;
            automaticTimeRemaining = 0f;
            return;
        }

        // Keep the current weather for a full interval when automatic mode starts.
        if (!automaticWasEnabled || currentWeather != previousWeather)
        {
            automaticWasEnabled = true;
            automaticTimeRemaining = GetAutomaticDuration();
            return;
        }

        automaticTimeRemaining -= Time.deltaTime;
        if (automaticTimeRemaining > 0f) return;

        // Select one of the other two weather types to avoid consecutive repeats.
        currentWeather = (WeatherType)(((int)currentWeather + Random.Range(1, 3)) % 3);
        automaticTimeRemaining = GetAutomaticDuration();
    }

    private float GetAutomaticDuration()
    {
        float minDuration = Mathf.Max(0.1f, Mathf.Min(_automatic.MinDuration, _automatic.MaxDuration));
        float maxDuration = Mathf.Max(minDuration, Mathf.Max(_automatic.MinDuration, _automatic.MaxDuration));
        return Random.Range(minDuration, maxDuration);
    }

    private void UpdateWeatherEvents()
    {
        WeatherType nextWeather = currentWeather;
        if (nextWeather == previousWeather) return;

        WeatherType stoppedWeather = previousWeather;
        previousWeather = nextWeather;

        // Stop the previous weather before starting the next one.
        if (stoppedWeather == WeatherType.Rain) _rain.Events.OnStop?.Invoke();
        else if (stoppedWeather == WeatherType.Snow) _snow.Events.OnStop?.Invoke();

        if (nextWeather == WeatherType.Rain) _rain.Events.OnStart?.Invoke();
        else if (nextWeather == WeatherType.Snow) _snow.Events.OnStart?.Invoke();
    }
}